Escaping Bihar: The Hard Choices of a Migrating State
“Escaping Bihar: The Hard Choices of a Migrating State”
What comes to mind when you hear the word “Bihar”? Laloo, History, Poverty, Migration, Illiteracy, Floods, Fodder Scam, and more. These associations paint a picture of a state with a rich historical background and a multitude of challenges. Bihar, once the capital of mighty empires like Maurya, Magadh, and Gupta, holds significant importance in terms of its contribution to pacifist religions like Buddhism and Jainism. It was also home to one of the world’s earliest known republics and a hub of learning, literature, mathematics, and economics. However, despite this glorious past, the present reality of Bihar stands in stark contrast.
Throughout my childhood, I have heard about the backwardness of this state. Unfortunately, even after 30 years, not much seems to have changed. The struggles and darkness persist. While some infrastructure development has taken place, it is hardly enough to address the deep-rooted issues that plague the state. Basic necessities such as education, jobs, and healthcare are severely lacking. Bihar holds the lowest literacy rate in India, standing at 63.82 percent, nearly 10% below the national average. There is an evident lack of proper educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and overall development. As a result, many individuals are compelled to seek education and employment opportunities outside the state. Those who cannot pursue education face immense challenges in securing their livelihoods. When asked about the state’s industries, we can only recount the enigmatic story of how they vanished into thin air over the past two decades. While other states have progressed or fought for their development, Bihar has remained stagnant.
The responsibility for the state’s underdevelopment lies not only with the government and bureaucracy but also with the public. The divisive politics based on caste and religion has played a significant role in perpetuating this chaos, akin to the tactics employed by historical rulers seeking personal gain and wealth. The people of Bihar, ourselves included, have contributed to this fragmentation and strife. We have not demanded accountability from our governments, especially concerning the annual floods that claim thousands of lives and render countless individuals homeless. We engage in futile conflicts along caste and religious lines.
Both the individuals stranded outside the state for livelihood and those struggling within Bihar require support, a voice, and viable options. While the road to transformation may be challenging, there are several key areas where concerted efforts can lead to the betterment of Bihar.
First and foremost, education holds the key to unlocking the state’s potential. Focus should be placed on improving the quality of education at all levels, from primary schools to higher education institutions. Adequate funding, trained teachers, and modern infrastructure are essential to create an environment conducive to learning. Additionally, vocational training programs can equip individuals with the skills needed for employment opportunities within the state itself, reducing the reliance on migration for livelihoods.
Furthermore, there is a need for increased participation of honest individuals in bureaucracy, journalism, and politics. Transparent governance and accountable administration can help eradicate corruption and ensure efficient implementation of policies and programs. It is imperative to foster an environment that encourages meritocracy, where qualified individuals are appointed based on their capabilities rather than political affiliations.
To address the issue of divisive politics, efforts must be made to promote social harmony and unity. Initiatives that encourage inter-caste and inter-religious dialogues can help bridge divides and promote inclusivity. Civil society organizations, along with religious and community leaders, can play a vital role in promoting peace and cooperation among diverse groups.
In terms of infrastructure development, investments should be made to improve connectivity, especially in rural areas. Better road networks, access to electricity, and improved irrigation facilities can uplift the lives of farmers and enhance agricultural productivity. Additionally, encouraging the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises can stimulate economic development and create employment opportunities within the state.
Lastly, there needs to be a shift in mindset and attitude among the people of Bihar. It is crucial to promote a culture of accountability, where individuals actively participate in the democratic process and demand their rights from the government. By fostering a sense of civic responsibility, individuals can collectively work towards the betterment of their communities and the state as a whole.
While the challenges faced by Bihar are significant, the potential for positive change is equally great. By prioritizing education, fostering accountable governance, promoting social harmony, investing in infrastructure, and encouraging civic participation, Bihar can overcome its current struggles and embark on a path of progress and prosperity. The journey will require collective efforts, determination, and a long-term commitment, but the rewards will be transformative, benefiting the lives of millions of Biharis and setting an example for other regions facing similar challenges.
